1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.2. ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY
2. MARKET OVERVIEW
2.1. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET: EVOLUTION & TRANSITION
2.2. MARKET DEFINITION AND SCOPE
2.3. INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
2.4. REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
2.5. TOTAL MARKET ANALYSIS
2.5.1. TOP 5 FINDINGS
2.5.2. TOP 5 OPPORTUNITY MARKETS
2.5.3. TOP 5 COMPANIES
2.5.4. TOP 3 COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES
2.6. ESTIMATION ANALYSIS
2.7. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
2.7.1. INVESTMENT VS. ADOPTION MODEL
2.7.2. 360 DEGREE INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
2.7.3. PORTERS 5 BYCE MODEL
2.7.4. SEE-SAW ANALYSIS
2.7.5. CONSUMER ANALYSIS AND KEY BUYING CRITERIA
2.8. COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS
2.8.1. KEY STRATEGIES AND ANALYSIS
2.8.2. MARKET SHARE & TOP COMPANY ANALYSIS
2.9. STRATEGIC RECOMMENDATIONS & KEY CONCLUSIONS
2.9.1. INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES BY REGIONS
2.9.2. OPPORTUNITIES IN EMERGING APPLICATIONS
2.9.3. INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY IN FASTEST GROWING SEGMENT
3. MARKET DETERMINANTS
3.1. MARKET DRIVERS
3.1.1. PROVIDES A HIGH DEGREE OF WATER UNIFORMITY
3.1.2. ALLOWS CONTROL OF THE AMOUNT AND TIMING OF IRRIGATION.
3.1.3. WORKS GOOD EVEN IN IRREGULAR TERRAIN.
3.1.4. LESS EVAPORATION AND EROSION
3.1.5. SIMPLE IN INSTALLATION AND USE
3.1.6. WEED CONTROL IS MINIMIZED.
3.1.7. PRODUCTS ARE INTERCHANGEABLE AMONG VENDORS
3.1.8. USED AS “NURSE SYSTEM” FOR NEW PLANTINGS.
3.2. MARKET RESTRAINTS
3.2.1. HESITATION OF FARMERS TO USE NEW TECHNOLOGY
3.3. MARKET OPPORTUNITIES
3.3.1. UTILIZING WASTE WATER.
3.3.2. FOCUSING ON MINIMAL WASTAGE OF FRESH WATER
3.4. MARKET CHALLENGES
3.4.1. DIFFICULTY IN DETECTING PROBLEMS IN LARGE FARMS
3.4.2. OVER IRRIGATION.
3.4.3. FORMATION OF CLOGS IF THERE IS POOR WATER QUALITY.
3.4.4. INITIAL SET UP USUALLY COSTS HIGH
4. MARKET SEGMENTATION
4.1. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY FUNCTIONING
4.1.1. MARKET DEFINITION AND SCOPE
4.1.2. DECISION SUPPORT DATABASE & ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY
4.1.3. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ACROSS MARKET SEGMENTS
4.1.4. OPPORTUNITY MATRIX
4.1.5. MARKET SEGMENTATION
4.1.5.1. GLOBAL MICRO-SPRAYERS/SPRINKLERS MARKET
4.1.5.1.1. APPLICATION
4.1.5.1.2. ADOPTION SCENARIO & MARKET DETERMINANTS
4.1.5.1.3. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4.1.5.1.4. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
4.1.5.1.5. KEY CONCLUSIONS
4.1.5.2. GLOBAL MICRO-BUBBLERS MARKET
4.1.5.2.1. APPLICATION
4.1.5.2.2. ADOPTION SCENARIO & MARKET DETERMINANTS
4.1.5.2.3. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4.1.5.2.4. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
4.1.5.2.5. KEY CONCLUSIONS
4.1.5.3. GLOBAL DRIPPERS MARKET
4.1.5.3.1. APPLICATION
4.1.5.3.2. ADOPTION SCENARIO & MARKET DETERMINANTS
4.1.5.3.3. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4.1.5.3.4. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
4.1.5.3.5. KEY CONCLUSIONS
4.1.5.4. GLOBAL DRIP TUBING MARKET
4.1.5.4.1. APPLICATION
4.1.5.4.2. ADOPTION SCENARIO & MARKET DETERMINANTS
4.1.5.4.3. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4.1.5.4.4. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
4.1.5.4.5. KEY CONCLUSIONS
4.2. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY CROP TYPE
4.2.1. MARKET DEFINITION AND SCOPE
4.2.2. DECISION SUPPORT DATABASE & ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY
4.2.3. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ACROSS MARKET SEGMENTS
4.2.4. OPPORTUNITY MATRIX
4.2.5. MARKET SEGMENTATION
4.2.5.1. GLOBAL FIELDS MARKET
4.2.5.1.1. APPLICATION
4.2.5.1.2. ADOPTION SCENARIO & MARKET DETERMINANTS
4.2.5.1.3. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4.2.5.1.4. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
4.2.5.1.5. KEY CONCLUSIONS
4.2.5.2. GLOBAL PLANTATION MARKET
4.2.5.2.1. APPLICATION
4.2.5.2.2. ADOPTION SCENARIO & MARKET DETERMINANTS
4.2.5.2.3. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4.2.5.2.4. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
4.2.5.2.5. KEY CONCLUSIONS
4.2.5.3. GLOBAL FORAGE AND TURF GRASSES MARKET
4.2.5.3.1. APPLICATION
4.2.5.3.2. ADOPTION SCENARIO & MARKET DETERMINANTS
4.2.5.3.3. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4.2.5.3.4. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
4.2.5.4. GLOBAL ORCHARD CROPS MARKET
4.2.5.4.1. APPLICATION
4.2.5.4.2. ADOPTION SCENARIO & MARKET DETERMINANTS
4.2.5.4.3. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4.2.5.4.4. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
4.2.5.4.5. KEY CONCLUSIONS
4.3. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY ENDUSER
4.3.1. MARKET DEFINITION AND SCOPE
4.3.2. DECISION SUPPORT DATABASE & ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY
4.3.3. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ACROSS MARKET SEGMENTS
4.3.4. OPPORTUNITY MATRIX
4.3.5. MARKET SEGMENTATION
4.3.5.1. GLOBAL FARMERS MARKET
4.3.5.1.1. APPLICATION
4.3.5.1.2. ADOPTION SCENARIO & MARKET DETERMINANTS
4.3.5.1.3. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4.3.5.1.4. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
4.3.5.1.5. KEY CONCLUSIONS
4.3.5.2. GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL USERS MARKET
4.3.5.2.1. APPLICATION
4.3.5.2.2. ADOPTION SCENARIO & MARKET DETERMINANTS
4.3.5.2.3. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4.3.5.2.4. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
4.3.5.2.5. KEY CONCLUSIONS
4.3.5.3. GLOBAL OTHERS MARKET
4.3.5.3.1. APPLICATION
4.3.5.3.2. ADOPTION SCENARIO & MARKET DETERMINANTS
4.3.5.3.3. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4.3.5.3.4. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
4.3.5.3.5. KEY CONCLUSIONS
5. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
5.1. KEY STRATEGIES
5.1.1. LIST OF MERGERS & ACQUISITION
5.1.2. LIST OF JOINT VENTURES
5.1.3. LIST OF PRODUCT LAUNCHES
5.1.4. LIST OF PARTNERSHIPS
6. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY REGION
6.1. DECISION SUPPORT DATABASE & ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY
6.2. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ACROSS MARKET SEGMENTS
6.3. OPPORTUNITY MATRIX
6.4. GEOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION
6.4.1. NORTH AMERICA
6.4.1.1. INDUSTRY APPLICATION ANALYSIS
6.4.1.2. TOP COUNTRY ANALYSIS
6.4.1.2.1. U.S.
6.4.1.2.1.1. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
6.4.1.2.1.2. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
6.4.1.2.1.3. KEY CONCLUSIONS
6.4.1.2.2. CANADA
6.4.1.2.2.1. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
6.4.1.2.2.2. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
6.4.1.2.2.3. KEY CONCLUSIONS
6.4.2. EUROPE
6.4.2.1. INDUSTRY APPLICATION ANALYSIS
6.4.2.2. TOP COUNTRY ANALYSIS
6.4.2.2.1. UK
6.4.2.2.1.1. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023($ MILLION)
6.4.2.2.1.2. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
6.4.2.2.1.3. KEY CONCLUSIONS
6.4.2.2.2. FRANCE
6.4.2.2.2.1. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
6.4.2.2.2.2. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
6.4.2.2.2.3. KEY CONCLUSIONS
6.4.2.2.3. GERMANY
6.4.2.2.3.1. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
6.4.2.2.3.2. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
6.4.2.2.3.3. KEY CONCLUSIONS
6.4.2.2.4. REST OF EUROPE
6.4.2.2.4.1. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
6.4.2.2.4.2. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
6.4.2.2.4.3. KEY CONCLUSIONS
6.4.3. ASIA PACIFIC
6.4.3.1. INDUSTRY APPLICATION ANALYSIS
6.4.3.2. TOP COUNTRY ANALYSIS
6.4.3.2.1. CHINA
6.4.3.2.1.1. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
6.4.3.2.1.2. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
6.4.3.2.1.3. KEY CONCLUSIONS
6.4.3.2.2. INDIA
6.4.3.2.2.1. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
6.4.3.2.2.2. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
6.4.3.2.2.3. KEY CONCLUSIONS
6.4.3.2.3. JAPAN
6.4.3.2.3.1. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023($ MILLION)
6.4.3.2.3.2. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
6.4.3.2.3.3. KEY CONCLUSIONS
6.4.3.2.4. REST OF ASIA PACIFIC
6.4.3.2.4.1. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
6.4.3.2.4.2. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
6.4.3.2.4.3. KEY CONCLUSIONS
6.4.4. ROW
6.4.4.1. INDUSTRY APPLICATION ANALYSIS
6.4.4.2. TOP COUNTRY ANALYSIS
6.4.4.2.1. LATIN AMERICA
6.4.4.2.1.1. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
6.4.4.2.1.2. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
6.4.4.2.1.3. KEY CONCLUSIONS
6.4.4.2.2. MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA
6.4.4.2.2.1. MARKET ESTIMATIONS AND FORECAST 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
6.4.4.2.2.2. TOP KEY PLAYERS & KEY PRODUCTS
6.4.4.2.2.3. KEY CONCLUSIONS
7. COMPANY PROFILES
7.1. APOLLO PIPES LIMITED
7.1.1. OVERVIEW
7.1.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.1.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.1.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.1.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.1.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.2. CAPTAIN POLYPLAST LTD.
7.2.1. OVERVIEW
7.2.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.2.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.2.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.2.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.2.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.3. DAYU CONSERVING WATER
7.3.1. OVERVIEW
7.3.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.3.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.3.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.3.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.3.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.4. HARSO STEELS PVT. LYD
7.4.1. OVERVIEW
7.4.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.4.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.4.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.4.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.4.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.5. EPC
7.5.1. OVERVIEW
7.5.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.5.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.5.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.5.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.5.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.6. IRRITOL SYSTEMS
7.6.1. OVERVIEW
7.6.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.6.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.6.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.6.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.6.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.7. LINDSAY CORPORATION
7.7.1. OVERVIEW
7.7.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.7.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.7.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.7.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.7.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.8. NELSON IRRIGATION CORPORATION
7.8.1. OVERVIEW
7.8.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.8.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.8.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.8.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.8.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.9. NAUGRA EXPORT
7.9.1. OVERVIEW
7.9.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.9.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.9.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.9.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.9.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.10. JAIN IRRIGATION SYSTEM LIMITED (JISL)
7.10.1. OVERVIEW
7.10.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.10.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.10.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.10.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.10.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.11. VALMONT INDUSTRIES
7.11.1. OVERVIEW
7.11.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.11.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.11.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.11.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.11.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.12. RIVULIS IRRIGATION
7.12.1. OVERVIEW
7.12.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.12.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.12.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.12.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.12.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.13. TORO COMPANY
7.13.1. OVERVIEW
7.13.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.13.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.13.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.13.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.13.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.14. TIRUPATI STRUCTURALS LIMITED
7.14.1. OVERVIEW
7.14.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.14.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.14.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.14.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.14.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
7.15. T-L IRRIGATION
7.15.1. OVERVIEW
7.15.2. PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
7.15.3. KEY INNOVATION/FOCUS SECTOR
7.15.4. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES
7.15.5. SCOT ANALYSIS
7.15.6. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
LIST OF TABLES
1. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY FUNCTIONING 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
2. GLOBAL MICRO-SPRAYERS/SPRINKLERS MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
3. GLOBAL MICRO-BUBBLERS MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4. GLOBAL DRIPPERS MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
5. GLOBAL DRIP TUBING MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
6. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET BY CROP TYPE 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
7. GLOBAL FIELDS MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
8. GLOBAL PLANTATION MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
9. GLOBAL FORAGE ANF TURF GRASSES MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
10. GLOBAL ORCHARD CROPS MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
11. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMMARKET BY ENDUSER 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
12. GLOBAL FARMERS MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
13. GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL USERS MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
14. GLOBAL OTHERS MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
15. NORTH AMERICA MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
16. EUROPE MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
17. ASIA PACIFIC MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
18. REST OF THE WORLD MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
LIST OF FIGURES
1. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY MICRO SPRAYERS/SPRINKLERS 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
2. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY MICRO-BUBBLERS 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
3. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY DRIPPERS.2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
4. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY DRIP TUBING 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
5. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY FIELDS 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
6. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY PLANTATIONS 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
7. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY FORAGE AND TURF GRASSES 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
8. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY ORCHARD CROPS 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
9. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY FARMERS 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
10. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY INDUSTRIAL USERS 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
11. GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET BY OTHER USERS 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
12. UNITED STATES (U.S.) MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
13. CANADA MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET 2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
14. UNITED KINGDOM (UK) MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
15. FRANCE MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
16. GERMANY MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
17. SPAIN MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
18. ITALY MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
19. ROE MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
20. INDIA MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
21. CHINA MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
22. JAPAN MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
23. KOREA MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
24. AUSTRALIA MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM MARKET2014-2023 ($ MILLION)
25. ROW APAC MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM SMARKET2014-2023 ($MILLION)
26. LATIN AMERICA MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM SMARKET2014-2023 ($MILLION)
27. MENA MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM SMARKET2014-2023 ($MILLION)